Banner Image

APA Style: Interviews, Presentations, Emails, and Other Personal Communication

Example

Emails, text messages, and social media messages are not included in your reference list; instead, in parenthesis cite the author's name, the phrase "personal communication", and the date of the communication in your main body of your paper only.

Basic Format:
(First Initial. Last Name, personal communication, Month Day, Year)

Example:
(A. Librarian, personal communication, September 28, 2018)

A. Librarian also claimed that APA style is fun to use (personal communication, September 28, 2018).